type of spatial analysispptx

By anthonyranggie17 | Updated: July 25, 2020, 4:52 p.m.

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Type of Spatial Analysis 
in Geographic Information
System
Queries 
and 
reasoning
Measurements

Aspects of 
geographic data
,length,area,
etc.
transformations

new data,
raster to vector
,geometric rules
descriptive 
summaries

essence of data in 1 
or 2 parameters
optimization

ideal locations,
routes
hypothesis
 testing

sample to entire
pop
Queries and reasoning
Queries and reasoning are the most basic of analysis
operations, which the GIS
is used to answer simple questions posed by the user.
No changes occur in the database and no new 
data are produced
Measurements 
Measurements are simple numerical values that describe
aspects of geographic data.
They include measurements of simple properties of objects,
such as length,area or shape and of the relationship
between pairs of objects,such as distance or direction.
Transformations
Transformations are simple methods of spatial analysis 
that change data sets by combining them or comparing 
them to obtain new data sets and eventually new insights.
Transformations use simple geometric,arithmetic,or 
logical rules,and they include operations that convert raster
data to vector data or vise versa.
Descriptive summaries
Descriptive summaries attempt to capture the essence of a 
data set in one or two numbers.
They are the spatial equivalent of the descriptive statistics
commonly used in statistical analysis,including the mean
and standard deviation.
Optimization 
Optimization techniques are normative in nature,designed 
to select ideal locations for objects given certain
well-defined criteria.
They are widely used in market research ,in the package
delivery industry,and in a host of other applications.
Hypothesis testing
Hypothesis testing focuses on the process of reasoning
from the results of a limited sample to make generalizations
abount an entire population.
It allows us, for example, to determine whether a pattern 
of ponts could have arisen by chance based on the 
information from a sample. 
Hypothesis testing is the basis of inferential statistics and 
forms the core of statistical analysis,but its use with spatial
data can be problematic.

type of spatial analysispptx

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