DOSTARLIMAB- MECHANISM OF ACTION.pptx

By vichitramicro | Updated: June 9, 2022, 1:51 p.m.

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Dostarlimab, sold under trade name Jemperli, a monoclonal antibody bind to PD1 receptors expressed on T-cells and prevent its interaction with PD-L1 expressed on surface of cancer cells and restore cytotoxic activity of T-cells and destroy them.

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DOSTARLIMAB- MECHANISM OF ACTION 
Dr. Vichitra Tyagi
                                     INTRODUCTION 
According to New York times, the US drug – dostarlimab was given to 18 rectal cancer patients, every week for six months.
At the end of trial, the patients scemed to have recovered completely as the cancer could not be detected  by through physical exam, endoscopy,PET scan or MRI scans.
What is dostarlimab ?

Dostarlimab, sold under the trade name- Jemperli,  is a monoclonal  antibody, approved by FDA in april 2021 for use in treatment of endometrial cancer in adults in United States and the European union.

ACTION OF DOSTARLIMAB
It is a monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed death receptor (PD-1 receptor) on T-cells and block its interaction with PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) or PD-L2 expressed on cancer cells. 
This releases the PD-1 pathway mediated inhibition of anti tumour immune response.

ANTI TUMOUR IMMUNE RESPONSE
T-cell is activated against tumour cells when tumour cell antigens are presented to T-cell by APC. The activated T-cell  binds to tumour cells and destroy them.

PD-1  pathway mediated inhibition of anti-tumour immune response

The activated T-cell  express PD-1 receptors. PD-1 is an immune checkpoint molecule that down-regulates T-cell activity during immune response.Cancer cells increase expression of PD-L1 on their receptors, which binds to PD-1 receptors on T-cells. The interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 makes the T-cell inactive and prevent it from attacking the cancer cells.

The drug, dostarlimab, binds to PD-1 receptors on T-cell and prevent its interaction with PD-L1. This prevent inhibition of T-cells against cancer cells and enables them to attack and destroy cancer cells.

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